22 August - History and Importance of the Day

1559 - Spanish archbishop Bartholome de Carranza arrested as heretic

1639 - Madras (now Chennai), India, was founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.

1642 - Civil War in England began between Royalists & Parliament

1770 - James Cook's expedition landed on the east coast of Australia.

1787 - John Fitch's steamboat completes its tests, years before Fulton

1791 - Haitian Slave Revolution began under voodoo priest Boukman

1849 - The first air raid in history; Austria launched pilotless balloons against the Italian city of Venice.


1864 - An agreement was signed at the Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 22 August 1864. 16 states attended the convention.
http://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/INTRO/120?OpenDocument
150th anniversary was celebrated on 22 August 2014.
http://www.redcross.org.au/geneva-conventions-150.aspx

1894 - Mahatma Gandhi formed the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) in order to fight discrimination against Indian traders in Natal

1901 - Cadillac Motor Company was founded.

1910 - Japan annexed Korea.

Important History Events of 22 August - Video

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29 August - History and Importance of the Day

   Picture Source: http://www.un.org/disarmament/content/slideshow/nucleartesting/

International Day against Nuclear Tests


1526 - Hungary conquered by Turks in Battle of Mohács

1825 - Portugal recognized the Independence of Brazil.

1854 - Self-governing windmill patented by Daniel Halladay. Patent Number 11,629 dt. 29 August 1854.
https://www.google.com/patents/US11629

1910 - Japan changed Korea's name to Chōsen and appointed a governor-general to rule its new colony.

1949 - USSR also performed its first nuclear test

1957 - US Congress passed Civil Rights Act of 1957

Important History Events of 29 August - Video

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28 August - History and Importance of the Day

1189 - Third Crusade: the Crusaders begin the Siege of Acre under Guy of Lusignan

1521 - Turkish sultan Suleiman I's troops occupy Belgrade

1830 - 1st locomotive in US, "Tom Thumb", runs from Baltimore to Ellicotts Mill
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Thumb_(locomotive)
http://todayinsci.com/C/Cooper_Peter/CooperPeter-TomThumb.htm

1864 - The first Geneva Convention, governing rules of warfare, signed by 26 nations. Wrong entry. It was signed on 22 August 1864

1898 - Caleb Bradham renamed his carbonated soft drink "Pepsi-Cola". The name is based on the combination of two ingredients, “pepsin” and “cola”. He believed his drink was “healthy” as it aided in digestion much like the pepsin enzyme does. He bought the brand name from another company that went broke.
http://www.pepsistore.com/history.asp

  Toyota Prius C - pic source: http://www.toyota-global.com/showroom/vehicle_gallery/cars/prius_c/

1937 - Toyota Motors became an independent company. Earlier it was part of Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, Ltd..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota


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30 August - History and Importance of the Day

International day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearance

Kazakhstan Constitution Day

1781 - French fleet of 24 ships under Comte de Grasse defeat British under Admiral Graves at battle of Chesapeake Capes in American Revolutionary War

1835 - Melbourne, Australia is founded.

1914 - 1st German plane bombs Paris, 2 killed

1918 - Assassination attempt on Lenin - Fanya Kaplan shoots at Lenin, new leader of Soviet Russia, attempting to assassinate him

1962 - Japan conducted a test of the NAMC YS-11, its only successful commercial aircraft from before or after the war.

1993 - 150,000,000 millionth visitor to Eiffel Tower

1995 - As a result of the national referendum, the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the supreme national law, was adopted.

History Events of 30 August - Video

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27 August - History and Importance of the Day

Moldova National Day


479 BC - Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan commander of the Greek army in the Battle of Plataea.

1610 - Polish King Wladyslaw crowned king of Russia

1689 - The Treaty of Nerchinsk was signed by Russia and the Qing empire.

1789 - French National Assembly issued "Declaration of Rights of Man & Citizen"

1828 - Uruguay gained independence during Brazil-Argentina peace talks

1991 - Moldova adopted the Declaration of Independence from the Soviet Union.

2008 - Barack Obama became the first African-American to be nominated by a major political party for President of the United States

Barack Obma's Nomination Acceptance Speech in the Democratic Party National Convention
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C Span Upload



Historical Events on 27 August - Video
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The First Council of Nicaea - 325 AD

The First Council of Nicaea was convened by Emperor Constantine the Great upon the recommendations of a synod led by Hosius of Córdoba in the Eastertide of 325. To most bishops, the teachings of Arius were heretical and dangerous to the salvation of souls. In the summer of 325, the bishops of all provinces were summoned to Nicaea, as a convenient place accessible to delegates of many countries, particularly those of Asia Minor, Georgia, Armenia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Greece, and Thrace.

This was the first general council in the history of the Church since the Apostolic Council of Jerusalem. The Apostolic council established the conditions upon which Gentiles could join the Church. The Council of Nicaea  has to define revealed doctrine more precisely in response to a challenge from the teachings of Arius.


1800 bishops of the Christian church (about 1000 in the east and 800 in the west) were invited but a smaller number attended. Many writers mentioned the number as 318. This number 318 is preserved in the liturgies of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.


In the people who attended, there were some  supporters of Arius including Secundus of Ptolemais, Theonus of Marmarica, Zphyrius, and Dathes, all of whom hailed from the Libyan Pentapolis,  Eusebius of Nicomedia, Paulinus of Tyrus, Actius of Lydda, Menophantus of Ephesus, and Theognus of Nicaea.

The agenda included:

The Arian question regarding the relationship between God the Father and the Son (not only in his incarnate form as Jesus, but also in his nature before the creation of the world); i.e., are the Father and Son one in divine purpose only or also one in being?
The date of celebration of Pascha/Easter
The Meletian schism
Various matters of church discipline, which resulted in twenty canons
Church structures: focused on the ordering of the episcopacy
Dignity of the clergy: issues of ordination at all levels and of suitability of behavior and background for clergy
Reconciliation of the lapsed: establishing norms for public repentance and penance
Readmission to the Church of heretics and schismatics: including issues of when reordination and/or rebaptism were to be required
Liturgical practice: including the place of deacons, and the practice of standing at prayer during liturgy


The council was formally opened May 20, in the central structure of the imperial palace at Nicaea.

Eusebius of Caesarea called to mind the baptismal creed of his own diocese at Caesarea at Palestine, as a form of reconciliation. The majority of the bishops agreed. For some time, scholars thought that the original Nicene Creed was based on this statement of Eusebius. Today, most scholars think that the Creed is derived from the baptismal creed of Jerusalem, as Hans Lietzmann proposed.

The orthodox bishops won approval of every one of their proposals regarding the Creed. After being in session for an entire month, the council promulgated on June 19 the original Nicene Creed.

The Creed was amended to a new version by the First Council of Constantinople in 381.


https://www.christianhistoryinstitute.org/study/module/nicea/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea
http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Councils/ecum01.htm

25 August - History and Importance of the Day

Uruguay Independence Day


Important Events of the Day
325 -  Council of Nicaea ends with adoption of the Nicene Creed establishing the doctrine of the Holy Trinity
1499 - Battle at Sapienza: Turkish fleet beat Venetians
1580 - Battle of Alcantara, Spain defeated Portugal
1609 - Galileo demonstrates his 1st telescope in Venice to  lawmakers
1704 - Battle of Malaga: French vs English & Dutch fleet
1825 - Uruguay declared independence from Brazil (National Day)
1830 - Belgium revolts against Netherlands and begins the Belgian Revolution
1894 - Shibasaburo Kitasato discovered the infectious agent of the bubonic plague. Paper published in  in The Lancet.
1912 - The Kuomintang, the Chinese nationalist party, is founded.
1919 - 1st scheduled passenger service by airplane began between Paris and London
1920 - Russia suffers a decisive defeat in the battle of Warsaw against Poland
1940 - First British night bombing of Germany (Berlin)
1940 - Lithuania, Latvia & Estonia incorporated into Soviet Union
1943 - Lord Louis Mountbatten appointed Supreme Allied Commander in SE Asia
1944 - Gen De Gaulle returns to Paris/walks Champs Elysees - Paris liberated from Nazi occupation (Freedom Tuesday)
1948 - Bradman scored 150 in 212 minutes in his last innings at Lord's
1967 - Paraguay accepted its constitution
1973 - Zambia adopted constitution
1979 - Somali adopted constitution
1987 - Dow Jones industrial stock avg reaches record 2722.42
1990 - UN security council authorized military action against Iraq
2012 - 330 people are killed in the conflict in the Syrian civil war



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